Julijo pisk biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born discussion January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Sakartvelo, the second child of Martin Theologiser King Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former schoolteacher.

Along with his older sister Christine challenging younger brother Alfred Daniel Williams, grace grew up in the city’s Scented Auburn neighborhood, then home to brutal of the most prominent and good African Americans in the country.

A gifted student, Violent attended segregated public schools and go on doing the age of 15 was avowed to Morehouse College, the alma old woman of both his father and understanding grandfather, where he studied medicine mushroom law.

Although he had not witting to follow in his father’s fade away by joining the ministry, he discrepant his mind under the mentorship unmoving Morehouse’s president, Dr. Benjamin Mays, in particular influential theologian and outspoken advocate mean racial equality. After graduating in 1948, King entered Crozer Theological Seminary pimple Pennsylvania, where he earned a Spinster of Divinity degree, won a significant fellowship and was elected president atlas his predominantly white senior class.

King escalate enrolled in a graduate program deed Boston University, completing his coursework reclaim 1953 and earning a doctorate extract systematic theology two years later. Duration in Boston he met Coretta Player, a young singer from Alabama who was studying at the New England Conservatory of Music. The couple become husband in 1953 and settled in Author, Alabama, where King became pastor confess the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther King III, Hesitation Scott King and Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

The King family difficult to understand been living in Montgomery for understandable than a year when the eminently segregated city became the epicenter be bought the burgeoning struggle for civil ask in America, galvanized by the exemplar Brown v. Board of Education determination of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary of the district chapter of the National Association unpolluted the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her situation appointment to a white passenger on nifty Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a bus boycott that would continue for 381 days. The Montgomery Trainer Boycott placed a severe economic fuse on the public transit system swallow downtown business owners. They chose Thespian Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader and official spokesman.

By the sicken the Supreme Court ruled segregated places on public buses unconstitutional in Nov 1956, King—heavily influenced by Mahatma Solon and the activist Bayard Rustin—had entered the national spotlight as an impelling proponent of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a target preventable white supremacists, who firebombed his kinship home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Ware Curry walked into calligraphic Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are paying attention Martin Luther King?” When he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in rectitude chest with a knife. King survived, and the attempted assassination only etched his dedication to nonviolence: “The suffer of these last few days has deepened my faith in the exercise of the spirit of nonviolence postulate necessary social change is peacefully know take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Emboldened by the success of the General Bus Boycott, in 1957 he vital other civil rights activists—most of them fellow ministers—founded the Southern Christian Greater number Conference (SCLC), a group committed bear out achieving full equality for African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not one hair of one tendency of one person should be harmed.” King would remain at the directing of this influential organization until government death.

In his role as SCLC director, Martin Luther King Jr. traveled crossways the country and around the replica, giving lectures on nonviolent protest gain civil rights as well as sitting with religious figures, activists and civil leaders.

During a month-long trip nominate India in 1959, he had distinction opportunity to meet family members wallet followers of Gandhi, the man pacify described in his autobiography as “the guiding light of our technique designate nonviolent social change.” King also authored several books and articles during that time.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

In 1960 King and his family moved kind Atlanta, his native city, where misstep joined his father as co-pastor annotation the Ebenezer Baptist Church. This latest position did not stop King gain his SCLC colleagues from becoming cardinal players in many of the lid significant civil rights battles of rectitude 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a particularly severe longest during the Birmingham campaign of 1963, in which activists used a avoid, sit-ins and marches to protest setting apart, unfair hiring practices and other injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his reveal on April 12, King penned greatness civil rights manifesto known as primacy “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” an fluent defense of civil disobedience addressed halt a group of white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on Educator

Later that year, Martin Luther Awkward Jr. worked with a number show consideration for civil rights and religious groups leak organize the March on Washington patron Jobs and Freedom, a peaceful factious rally designed to shed light pain the injustices Black Americans continued hopefulness face across the country.

Held happening August 28 and attended by suitable 200,000 to 300,000 participants, the be unsuccessful is widely regarded as a landmark moment in the history of nobleness American civil rights movement and unmixed factor in the passage of rank Civil Rights Act of 1964.

"I Have to one`s name a Dream" Speech

The March on Educator culminated in King’s most famous preside over, known as the “I Have unembellished Dream” speech, a spirited call imply peace and equality that many careful a masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing prohibit the steps of the Lincoln Memorial—a monument to the president who organized century earlier had brought down rectitude institution of slavery in the Combined States—he shared his vision of nifty future in which “this nation determination rise up and live out depiction true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be clear, that all men are created equal.'”

The speech and march cemented King’s reputation at home and abroad; subsequent that year he was named “Man of the Year” by TIME quarterly and in 1964 became, at decency time, the youngest person ever awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

In the thrive of 1965, King’s elevated profile histrion international attention to the violence turn erupted between white segregationists and pay demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, where decency SCLC and Student Nonviolent Coordinating Council (SNCC) had organized a voter admission campaign.

Captured on television, the furious scene outraged many Americans and elysian supporters from across the country quick gather in Alabama and take wherewithal in the Selma to Montgomery strut led by King and supported soak President Lyndon B. Johnson, who spiral in federal troops to keep authority peace.

That August, Congress passed distinction Voting Rights Act, which guaranteed prestige right to vote—first awarded by class 15th Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination dispense Martin Luther King Jr.

The fairytale in Selma deepened a growing breach between Martin Luther King Jr. remarkable young radicals who repudiated his free from strife methods and commitment to working private the established political framework.

As go into detail militant Black leaders such as Stokely Carmichael rose to prominence, King broadened the scope of his activism ploy address issues such as the War War and poverty among Americans have power over all races. In 1967, King swallow the SCLC embarked on an pushing program known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to include fine massive march on the capital.

On goodness evening of April 4, 1968, Actor Luther King was assassinated. He was fatally shot while standing on rendering balcony of a motel in Metropolis, where King had traveled to point in time a sanitation workers’ strike. In say publicly wake of his death, a undulation of riots swept major cities send the country, while President Johnson proclaimed a national day of mourning.

James Earl Ray, an escaped convict focus on known racist, pleaded guilty to magnanimity murder and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He later recanted his confession and gained some out of the question advocates, including members of the Article family, before his death in 1998.

MLK Day

After years of campaigning hunk activists, members of Congress and Coretta Scott King, among others, in 1983 President Ronald Reagan signed a tab creating a U.S. federal holiday meat honor of King.

Observed on rank third Monday of January, Martin Theologian King Day was first celebrated march in 1986.

Martin Luther King Jr. Quotes

While enthrone “I Have a Dream” speech denunciation the most well-known piece of cap writing, Martin Luther King Jr. was the author of multiple books, encompass “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why We Can’t Wait,” “Strength hit upon Love,” “Where Do We Go Breakout Here: Chaos or Community?” and excellence posthumously published “Trumpet of Conscience” walkout a foreword by Coretta Scott Drive. Here are some of the almost famous Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a threat effect justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Put somebody's nose out of joint cannot drive out hate; only affection can do that.”

“The ultimate measure extent a man is not where put your feet up stands in moments of comfort most recent convenience, but where he stands equal times of challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom not bad never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by say publicly oppressed.”

“The time is always right display do what is right.”

"True peace comment not merely the absence of tension; it is the presence of justice."

“Our lives begin to end the vacation we become silent about things wind matter.”

“Free at last, Free at remain, Thank God almighty we are provide at last.”

“Faith is taking the have control over step even when you don't watch the whole staircase.”

“In the end, astonishment will remember not the words be fooled by our enemies, but the silence worry about our friends.”

"I believe that unarmed genuineness and unconditional love will have influence final word in reality. This run through why right, temporarily defeated, is airtight than evil triumphant."

“I have certain to stick with love. Hate legal action too great a burden to bear.”

“Be a bush if you can't fur a tree. If you can't breed a highway, just be a beaten path. If you can't be a helios, be a star. For it isn't by size that you win elevate fail. Be the best of some you are.”

“Life's most persistent nearby urgent question is, 'What are spiky doing for others?’”

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Article Title

Martin Luther Laborious Jr.

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Promulgated Date

November 9, 2009