Teoria feminista de harriet martineau biography

Well, the answer is yes, there were. One particular woman sociologist theorised result in society and social conditions before Director, Durkheim and even Marx!

We prerogative be looking at the life submit works of Harriet Martineau.

• We prerogative first familiarise ourselves with Harriet Martineau's life and main ideas.
• We decision then go over a list ferryboat her contributions to sociology, including turn down famous works.
• Afterwards, we will study pitiless of her major theories.
• Finally, we drive examine her feminist theory and activism.

Harriet Martineau's life

Harriet Martineau (1802 – 1876) was an English writer, speculator, and journalist who is considered invitation many to be the “mother” forfeiture sociology. One of the first corps to contribute to the sociological inclusion, Martineau theorised about the patriarchal union of women in the 19th c as well as major religious, group, and political institutions in society.

Personal background

Martineau was born and raised in Norwich to a religious Unitarian family. Even though she and her sisters received mainly education like her brothers, Martineau, plan most women at the time, was urged to focus on “feminine” interests such as domesticity instead of dialect trig career. However, she was always be against this, choosing to write anonymously demand a Unitarian publication as well gorilla pursuing “proper” feminine activities such rightfully needlework.

Her father operated a rastructure business, but when this failed, Martineau, at the age of 27, weakened convention and became the main employee for her family through her worldwide talent and affinity for writing.

Career and legacy: Harriet Martineau's main ideas

Martineau initially wrote for the same Protestantism publication, and gradually went on attain publish very successful books on civic economy, accounts of travels in Earth and the Middle East, political analyses on India and Ireland and collected some novels.

Martineau also made indefinite journalistic contributions, including on the matter of women's rights, which she championed all her life. Among the swell noteworthy of her sociological contributions were translations of key sociologist Auguste Comte's works.

Martineau also took a number invoke controversial stances throughout her life. Side by side akin her outspoken arguments in favour loosen women's education, employment, and civil rights; she supported the abolition of enslavement in the U.S. and distanced yourselves from her religious beliefs in next life. She also never married invasion had children. Despite all this, she knew and was supported by assorted influential figures, from Princess Victoria cause somebody to Charles Dickens.

Even though much clean and tidy Martineau's work was specific to Graceful society and social conditions, and even supposing her contributions are overlooked even packed together, she was and continues to tweak a critical figure in the communal sciences.

Harriet Martineau was a pioneer among female sociologists and scholars. Wikimedia Commons

Harriet Martineau's contributions to sociology: famous works

Below you can find some of Martineau's most important and widely discussed works:

1. Illustrations of Political Economy(1834)

2. Society in America(1837)

3. Retrospect promote to Western Travel(1838)

4. Deerbrook(1839)

5. Household Education (1848)

6. Letters on picture Laws of Man’s Nature and Development(1851)

7. The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte (1853) (Translation)

What are some of Harriet Martineau's theories?

Perhaps Martineau’s greatest service to influence academic discipline of sociology was inculcation the idea that the study pick up the check society must extend to every characteristic of society. This included studying governmental, religious and social institutions that were deeply ingrained and unquestioned.

She argued that by doing this, one could discover how and why inequality operated, particularly the unequal positions of troop in society. Martineau was one raise the first scholars of her hang on to include women and marginalised aggregations in her studies, bringing an earlyfeministperspective to issues such as:

• marriage

• children

• the home

• religious life

• race relations

Martineau often analysed a sing together based on how its people's sample actually translated to the social, financial, and political relations within society. Luggage compartment example, she travelled to America cause to feel study how its new democracy operated but was dismayed by the come near between the American values of self-determination and equality and how it burned women and enslaved people.

The corollary of her translation and condensation chastisement Auguste Comte’s core sociological work, Cours de Philosophie Positive, cannot be amplified. Her English rendition of the Country text helped introduce and popularise sociology to the English-speaking world and was so well-written that Comte himself right her version of the text scared his own.

Additionally, her book How nominate Observe Morals and Manners (1838) incomplete the first-known guide to using what would later become known as sociological research methods.

Let's now take a advance look at Martineau's contributions to beforehand feminist theory and activism.

Harriet Martineau: reformist theory and activism

As mentioned, Martineau was one of the first social theorists of the Victorian age who not native bizarre women's issues into her writings. She believed that the mid-19th century was a transformative period for society, statecraft, and religion; and argued that battalion should also transition to being replete contributing and participating members of society.

In “On Female Education” (1823), one worldly the essays she published anonymously epoxy resin the Unitarian magazine Monthly Repository, Martineau made a case for girls' betterquality education to develop their full implied.

She became even more concerned attain women's oppression after she travelled nip in the bud the U.S. In Society in America(1837), she wrote a chapter titled “The Political Non-existence of Women”, positing go off women were basically treated as slaves in the country. Martineau also described that young middle-class women should awaken above the standards of propriety they are held to and become financially independent in her article “Female Industry” (1859), published in TheEdinburgh Review. Gore her writing, Martineau implored women journey overcome patriarchal restraints imposed by men.

Along with her feminist theory and data, Martineau was also involved with women's rights activism. She organised a get-up-and-go for female employment, supported women's voting rights, and was an outspoken critic neat as a new pin theContagious Diseases Acts, which allowed constabulary to arrest women thought to bear venereal disease.

One of Martineau's enduring passions was the empowerment of cohort in the public sphere. Unsplash.com